SoundField
Mark V's Brilliant Performance at Ballet Mécanique
The entrance
to the Dadaist exhibit, National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC
wherePaul Lehrman captures the recent performances of George Antheil's
(Bad Boy of Music), "Ballet Mécanique," with
sixteen player pianos using
SoundField Mark V microphones
Stravinsky,
Copland, Schoenberg, Satie, and a host of other composers may have
captured the ear of the public and made a larger dent than he did,
but George Antheil, the self-styled "bad boy of music"
was without a doubt a genuine player in the Jazz Age. Born in 1900
in Trenton, New Jersey, Antheil was a gifted pianist and ambitious
composer. His largest work, "Ballet Mécanique,"
features a cast of musicians that includes three xylophonists, four
bass drummers, and a tam-tam, along with 16 player pianos, three
airplane propellers, a siren and more. To capture the "Ballet
Mécanique" in all its raucous glory-as played by an
orchestra of robots-composer and recordist Paul Lehrman turned to
a SoundField
SPS422B for help.
Lehrman clearly
understands the capabilities embodied in the single capsule, four-sided
SoundField capsule and knew using this mic could only add to the
uniqueness of this recording.
"This project
was like nothing I've ever done before, and I don't think anyone
else has tried to do anything quite like it either!" says Lehrman.
"The SoundField Mark V four-channel microphone came into the
mix towards the end of the project, and it performed superbly."
Lehrman, who
had helped revive Antheil's 1924 masterwork several years ago, and
has since seen two dozen performances of it around the world, was
asked to do this project by the National Gallery of Art, in Washington,
DC. He enlisted the aid of Eric Singer, of the League of Electronic
Musical Urban Robots. "We built a robotic orchestra to play
this piece," Lehrman said.
"Every piano note, xylophone strike, bass drum hit, and siren
wail came from a MIDI sequence and was triggered by an electrical
voltage." They set up the instruments on the mezzanine of the
east wing of the National Gallery, at the entrance to an exhibit
on Dadaist art. For a period of two months this "ensemble"
would perform the piece automatically, twice a day.
After the "Ballet
Mécanique" had been running for about a week, Lehrman
went into the National Gallery after hours to record the piece in
its entirety. "That's when we got a hold of the SoundField
microphone. The results are superb. The SoundField records in four
channels and outputs a derived stereo as well. That's what I've
listened to so far, and the stereo image is gorgeous. It conveys
the space beautifully, and that's no small feat... it's huge!
"The orchestra
was set up in an area that's approximately 75 feet wide. It's an
enormous open space, cavernous, with a tremendous amount of ring-the
RT60 is something like five seconds. I wanted to see if we could
capture the immenseness of that environment.
"We used
a bunch of different microphones for a total of about ten tracks
in all. Everything was recorded in Digital Performer running on
a Mac. The SoundField did an astonishing job of capturing the enormously
long reverb time and all the transients of the space. The way it
reconstructed what it feels like to be in this incredibly large
room listening to this orchestra is fantastic - even in stereo.
"The microphone
itself has a monster cable with about a dozen conductors that feed
into it. It spits out four B-format channels, which are the SoundField
surround format, plus the derived stereo image. The user has some
control over the image. And you can put some rolloff on it - but
we took the audio in straight.
"The stereo
image is mostly for monitoring. The interesting stuff will happen
when we begin working with the four-channel information. You need
a decoder to do this. The most popular one is a software application
called "Surround Zone" for Pro Tools and Nuendo. I'll
be working with a mastering engineer here in Boston who has it and
knows it well.
"Eventually
we'd like to make a DVD in surround sound, and of course we'll use
the SoundField tracks to create the soundtrack when we do. The Washington
installation was just put up in March, so we're still getting our
tracks together in preparation of the upcoming mix. The SoundField
microphone came to us at the last moment, as I said, but I'm thrilled
to have had the opportunity to put it to work. The sound it captures
is stunning."
Soundfield
microphones are distributed by TransAudio Group, founded by industry
veteran Brad Lunde. For more info on Soundfield,
please email Brad Lunde
at LVPA or Phone (702) 307-2700
Las
Vegas Pro Audio is the direct sales division of TransAudio
Group. The goal of LasVegasProAudio.com is to provide a personal
long-term relationship with top engineers delivering insightful
and accurate advice, unique equipment and long term support.TransAudio
has quickly become the premier US importer/distributor for high-end
audio. visit the web sites at: www.lasvegasproaudio.com
TransAudio Group's
product lines include A-Designs
(USA) AEA ribbon microphones (USA), ADT
Toolkit, AEA,
ATC
Loudspeakers (UK), Brauner
microphones(Germany), Drawmer
(UK), Geoffrey
Daking & Co. (USA), Enhanced Audio (Ireland), George
Massenburg Labs (GML) (USA), Heil
Sound (USA); Mercury Audio (USA) Mission Audio (UK) Phoenix
Audio (UK), PAULY
Superscreens(Germany), SABRA
SOM(Brazil), Soundelux
(USA), SoundField
Microphones (UK), Z-Systems (USA) and Weiss
Engineering (Switzerland) and Z Systems (USA).
Paula
DeAnda Signed On The Spot
DeAnda
auditioned for Clive Davis and A&R Senior VP Steve Ferrera a
few weeks ago and was signed on the spot. "Doing Too Much"
was co-written by DeAnda and Baby Bash and produced by Happy Perez.
Commented Clive Davis, Chairman, BMG US Label Group: "Paula
auditioned for us in my office, singing acappella and dazzled everyone.
She has a powerful voice and is a triple threat as a writer and
arranger. Signing her was a no brainer."
Musicians
For The Penney Foundation
counterclockwise: Alejandro Sanz,
Chris Botti and David Foster
photo: Courtesy of RLM
Superstar Alejandro Sanz was invited to participate in the benefit
concert in Los Angeles organized by David Foster for the JC
Penney After
school foundation which aims to raise awareness for children
in USA needing to receive quality afterschool educational programs.
Alejandro Sanz
accompanied Andrea Boccelli, Kenney Chesney, Sara Evans, Martina
McBride, Chris Botti, John Legend. The gala concert was presented
by Dr. Phil Mc Graw and Robin Mc Graw who offered information about
the cause in a press conference.
The live show, held in the historic Shrine Auditorium, will be shown
on the CBS tv channel.
There will also be a DVD and a CD of the concert, all raising money
and awareness about the JCPenney Foundation. Sanz just got back
from Madrid where he performed in front of 50,000 fans for the 40th
anniversary of the chart program called Los 40 Principales. Sanz
is currently in production for his upcoming Spanish and English
albums.
Hollywood Cat
write HC for news from your music and audio world...
Warner/Chappell's
New P.E.D. L. Initiative For Songwriters
Currently, digital
music services wishing to license Warner/Chappell's library of musical
compositions for exploitation in Europe must obtain separate licenses
from at least 25 different collection societies. Under Warner/Chappell's
new P.E.D.L. Initiative, Warner/Chappell will designate several
of these European collecting societies as its non-exclusive licensing
agent and will authorize each of the designees to grant pan-European
digital licenses in Warner/Chappell's Anglo-American repertoire.
Digital music services will be able to go to any of the collecting
societies designated by Warner/Chappell to obtain these multi-territory
digital licenses.
The P.E.D.L.
Initiative will be a boon to both digital music services and to
Warner/Chappell's songwriters. This is meant to significantly reduce
the administrative burden and expense of the existing local licensing
regime. The P.E.D.L. Initiative will also provide digital services
with latitude in choosing among several collection societies from
which to obtain Warner/Chappell's pan-European rights. Simplifying
the licensing process will foster the growth of digital music services
in Europe and increase the presence of Warner/Chappell repertoire
on those services, thereby benefiting Warner/Chappell's songwriters.
Mix Open
Benefits House Ear Institute
Studios, Manufacturers and Musicians gather on June 12 at
the Malibu Country Club
l-r: Candace K and Claris of studioexpresso,
Candace Stewart of Firehouse, Ellis Sorkin, Jane Scobie; Golfers
On the move
Presented by the Mix Foundation for Excellence in Audio, the charity
golf tournament draws many of the Southern California sound communitys
most avid golfers. Proceeds benefit the House Ear Institutes,
Its How You Listen That Counts campaign, the music
education programs of SoundArt, and scholarships for students of
the audio arts and sciences.
l-r: the Euphonix Team with Andy
Wild and Rich Evans; Maureen Droney of Grammy producer's Wing, Hillel
Resner and Claris
A 2006 Mustang
convertible provided by Vista Ford of Woodland Hills, CA, will go
to the golfer who hits a hole-in-one. New this year will be a chipping
contest, in addition to the various competitions managed by Pin-Up
Golf Girls. Following the tournament, there will be a barbecue dinner
with acoustic entertainment by music producer and singer/songwriter
Alder, and jazz vocalist Sarah Schweppe. A raffle and silent auction
will also round out the day, featuring an assortment of donated
audio equipment, musical instruments and gift packages. Gibson Les
Paul Standard model guitar, donated by the Gibson Foundation; as
well as an Apple iPod-60 GB; a BOSE Companion 2 multimedia speaker
system; and, a two-night stay at the Palms Casino Resort in Las
Vegas, Nevada. "Word has gotten around that this is a
great chance to connect with industry colleagues, lose that studio
tan, and raise thousands for hearing health and education,"
says tournament director, Karen Dunn.
Sponsorships,
foursomes and individual tickets are still available. For more information
about these and the silent auction or raffle, please visit www.mixfoundation.org,
or contact Karen Dunn at (925) 939-6149, or send email to [email protected].
One Stop Design and Integration From Kaufman Associates
Throughout his
career, Jay Kaufman has worked with many music and film greats including
Martin Scorsese, Robert Altman, John Denver, David Bowie, and Rod
Stewart.
In 2005, Kaufman formed K&A,
offering media facilities design, acoustics and A/V systems design
and integration services. Jay's current projects include the design
of a home recording studio, media room and lighting for an 8,000
square foot residence, and site analysis for a new post production
facility in Burbank.
Over the years,
Jay has built relationships with architects, acousticians, interior
designers, contractors, electricians, engineers, film mixers
Our Associates are available to help make your project an enormous
success.
In the mid 70's
Jay partnered with Allen Sides at his small studio on Ocean Way
in Santa Monica. Over the next fifteen years, Ocean Way Recording
grew to legendary status as one of the world's most successful multi-room
recording facilities, catering to some of the biggest names in show
business including Eric Clapton, Michael Jackson, and Lionel Richie.
As the Director of Operations and Chief Engineer, Jay played a principle
role in the success of what is arguably one of the best sounding
and maintained studio complexes in the world.
Upon leaving
Ocean Way Recording, Jay offered his extensive talents as an independent
acoustical, studio and systems engineer. He was known throughout
the industry for his expertise in tuning rooms, building audiophile
speaker systems, designing and building recording studios, and designing,
modifying and maintaining high-tech equipment, as well as record
engineering, mixing, and facilities management. His clients included
Bill Bodine Music, Coast Recording, Kiva Recording, The Matrix Alliance,
and Hollywood Records.
Jay was then
brought on at SMS Digital Post as Chief Operations Officer. During
his tenure he transformed this post production facility to a world
class operation, providing services to Disney, Universal, Lucas
Arts, and Warner Bros. Part of this revitalization was the addition
of a state-of-the-art dubbing theater, two ADR stages and a Foley
stage which Jay designed and built.
Jay is a member
of: ASA (Acoustical Society of America), AES (Audio Engineering
Society), SMTPE (Society of Motion Picture & Television Engineers),
and HPA (Hollywood Post Alliance).
A Matched
Pair At Foxy
Warner Bros. A&R Producer Records with new Ela M16 MkII
Mics
Pictured
in his LA studio is producer/engineer John Feldmann and his matched
pair of Telefunken USA microphones.
Photo by David Goggin.
John Feldman, frontman of the enduring band Goldfinger, has purchased
a perfectly matched pair of Telefunken
USA's new R-F-T M16 MkII microphones for his Foxy Studios in
LA. The M16 is one of a new line of affordable microphones which
faithfully recreate the legendary vintage Telefunken sound.
"We do a lot of recording here at Foxy Studios and I especially
wanted a dedicated pair of overhead mics for the drums. These M16s
have a very warm, very organic sound with a real nice top end. For
instance, with the cymbals I don't have to spend so much time mixing
every splash and little ride bell. It's all there, and with a matched
pair I am getting beautifully balanced stereo imagery."
As one of LA's
most successful A&R executives, Feldmann has signed, produced,
engineered and mixed such Platinum groups as The Used and Story
of the Year. He has also engineered, produced and co-written with
artists such as Good Charlotte and Hillary Duff. After playing 385
Goldfinger shows in 1996, Feldmann and his band broke the Guinness
Book of World Records for the most shows ever in one year for a
touring band.
Feldmann uses a Manley 2-channel all tube mic preamplifier for his
M16s. His Pro tools HD-equipped studio houses racks and racks of
vintage outboard gear, as well as new staples like the Universal
Audio 6176 reissue compressor/limiter. Monitors include Genelec
1031s, Yamaha NS-10s, Aurotones, and large Dynaudio Acoustics AIR
25s. "When the label is here with the band and we're listening
to my mixes," Feldman remarks, "I crank up the Dynaudio's
because I don't want them talking to each other. They can appreciate
the detail I get with these new Telefunken mics."
Take 8
Awards for Concord Records and Telarc Intl
Mary Pastorius gladly accepts the
award from label president Dave Love at the event
Concord Records,
Telarc International and Heads
Up International, leaders in the jazz recording industry, scored
no less than eight jazz industry awards this past week five
from the Jazz Journalists Association (JJA) and three from JazzWeek.
Of the 41 categories
in the 2006 JJA Jazz Awards, Concord Music Group took five trophies
at the tenth annual awards ceremony on Monday, June 19, at B.B.
Kings Blues Club and Grill in New York City. The winners are:
Concord Music
Group: Jazz Record Label of the Year; Sonny Rollins:Musician of
the Year and Tenor Saxophonist of the Year; Dianne Reeves:Female
Jazz Singer of the Year; Joey
DeFrancesco:Organist/Keyboardist of the Year. he Jazz Journalists
Association nominated more than 200 jazz musicians, recordings,
labels, producers, concert presenters, authors, broadcasters, photographers
and new media outlets for recognition of achievements in 2005-2006.
Winners were determined by a voting pool of approximately 400 JJA
members.
Two days earlier,
Concord Records, Telarc and Heads Up scored three wins at the annual
JazzWeek Awards on Saturday, June 17, at the Clarion Riverside Hotel
in Rochester, N.Y. Sponsored by JazzWeek, the national radio airplay
chart that compiles a weekly report of the top fifty traditional
jazz and contemporary jazz recordings played on radio stations across
the United States and Canada.
Ferdinand
To Fagen In The House At Avatar
Avatar
hosted producers such as David Foster, Steve Lillywhite and
Matt Serletic and sessions included works by Billy Joel, Willie
Nelson, Lou Reed, Counting Crows, Peter Cincotti, Ryan Adams and
Satellite Party with Perry Farrell. The 12 Gardens Live album by
Billy Joel, mixed at Avatar, was just released from Sony. The Willie
Nelson album, produced by Ryan Adams, was
(partially) tracked, mixed and mastered (by Fred Kevorkian) at Avatar.
Pictured at Avatar l-r: Franz
Ferdinand Session; Donald Fagen and Sonny Rollins
Avatar Studios
has also been nominated for a 2006 TEC Awards in the Outstanding
Creative Achievement / Record Production Album category for Donald
Fagen's Morph the Cat, from Reprise. Much of the work was done at
Avatar Studios. Elliot Scheiner mixed the album, including the surround
mix, at Avatar's Studio C. Avatar's own Brian Montgomery was the
overdub / Pro Tools engineer as well as the second mix engineer.
The 22nd Annual TEC Awards presentation will be held Saturday, October
7, 2006, at the Hilton San Francisco.
Grundman
Masters Timeless Artists
New from Dweezil Zappa & Sergio Mendes
Pictured
during sessions are (L-R) Dweezil Zappa and mastering engineer Bernie
Grundman. Pictured during sessions are (L-R) mastering engineer
Bernie Grundman and Sergio Mendes. Photos by David Goggin.
Sergio Mendes'
new album "Timeless" has been nominated for two TEC (Technical
Excellence and Creativity) Awards, in the categories Record Production/Single
or Track and Record Production/Album. The A&M collection features
appearances by will.i.am of The Black Eyed Peas, Stevie Wonder,
Erykah Badu, Q-Tip, Jill Scott, and Justin Timberlake. "Timeless"
was mastered by Bernie Grundman, who has worked with Mendes since
his A&M debut "Herb Alpert Presents Sergio Mendes &
Brasil '66." The
album's music encompasses revisions of Mendes' classic Brazilian
material and ideas, given a new twist via new lyrics and arrangements.
Mendes explains, "This record is great Brazilian classics and
the great Brazilian melodies that the kids of today haven't heard
mixed together with the world of hip hop."
Dweezil Zappa, son of music icon Frank Zappa recently
mastered his new solo album, Go
With What You Know, at Bernie Grundman Mastering. Recorded in
Zappa's Utility Muffin Research Kitchen studio, it is his first
release since 2000's Automatic. The album is comprised of Dweezil
compositions, as well as Frank Zappa's "Peaches En Regalia,"
originally recorded in 1969 and augmented in 2006 with the Dweezil
touch.
"I am playing all of the main melody lines on guitar,"
Zappa explains, "using the guitar to mimic the instruments
that were originally played. Frank's guitar solo is doubled by a
flute on the original record. It is still doubled by a flute, but
I also learned the guitar solo and played that. So you hear Frank
on the left side and me on the right side playing in unison. That
is a good example of what will be happening on tour."
Zappa's new album, on the family Zappa Records label, has a shipping
date of June 20, during the final leg of the "Zappa Plays Zappa"
tour covering Europe and America, which began on May 15 in Amsterdam
and concludes June 24 in San Francisco, with another Fall tour scheduled.
Tour material consists entirely of Frank Zappa compositions. Joining
Dweezil's band are musicians playing on his new album, plus Frank
Zappa alumni Steve Vai, Terry Bozzio, and Napoleon Murphy Brock.
Future Disc
Relocates to Pacific Northwest
The mastering
facility started in 1981 by Steve Hall, Future Disc has closed down
its Los Angeles operation. Hall will be relocating Future Disc to
the Pacific Northwest.
During their
quarter of a century in business Future Disc grew to a 6,000 ft
facility with multiple mastering studios offering several top-notch
mastering engineers in addition to Hall. Future Disc's other mastering
engineers included Kris Solem and Gabriel Wallach and DVD engineer
David Conrad. While Hall and his wife Laura will be relocating Future
Disc to the Pacific Northwest, the other engineers will move on
to work on a variety of things. Hall says he wishes them all well
and will miss their expertise and skill. Although there will be
a period of downtime, Hall will resume mastering when the relocation
is complete. Customers should continue to check the website for
updates at http://www.futurediscsystems.com/
"We will
accommodate all of our customers that have projects in the pipe
line during this transition and once we are back up and running
we will still specialize in high quality vinyl mastering as well
as CD and surround mastering," Hall says of the move. Hall
has mastered acclaimed surround projects such as The Band's The
Last Waltz, Earth Wind & Fire's Gratitude, the Grateful Dead's
American Beauty, Workingman's Dead, Jackson Browne's Runnin' On
Empty, and the Beach Boys' Pet Sounds. In
addition to the surround projects Hall has amassed an impressive
discography that includes Madonna's True Blue, the soundtrack for
Pulp Fiction, the soundtrack for City of Angels, Green Day's Nimrod,
Jane's Addiction's Nothing's Shocking, and Toy Matinee's Toy Matinee,
to name just a few.
Hollywood
Sound and SSL AWS
Los Angeles-based
guitarist and songwriter Douglas Gorlin has chosen a Solid State
Logic AWS 900 Analogue Workstation System as the centerpiece of
his new recording studio, Hollywood Sound.
Designed by
Vincent Van Haaff of Waterland Design, Hollyview Sound (www.hollyviewsound.com)
features an abundance of vintage instruments, amplifiers and recording
equipment as well as breathtaking views of Laurel Canyon and plenty
of natural light.
Einstein,
Cobain and Elvis Make The Forbes List
We know their faces and their contributions. Even in the afterlife,
the list released by Forbes magazine of people who remain big-time
moneymakers include: Elvis Presley , Albert Einstein, Kurt Cobain,
Andy Warhol and Marilyn Monroe.
Presley, who died in 1977, raked in an estimated $52 million last
year. Cobain, who committed suicide in 1994, generated about $50
million. Most of that came when his widow, Courtney Love , sold
25 percent of Nirvana 's song catalog in April.
Einstein, who has been dead for more than 50 years, took in about
$20 million in 2005, Forbes estimates. The Hebrew University of
Jerusalem controls the famed thinker's estate and collects $5 million
a year from the use of his images. The university also earns royalties
from Disney's line of Baby Einstein toys and videos, Forbes reports,
which generated $400 million in sales last year.
Warhol died in 1987. Still, he earned $16 million last year through
the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, which owns his estate.
Monroe, who died in 1962, generated $8 million in 2005
Farewell
Billy Preston & Arif Martin
A brass band
played a rollicking version of "Amazing Grace" during
a service filled with tributes to the prolific songwriter and keyboardist
Billy Preston who died June 6 in Scottsdale, Ariz., at age
59. He battled chronic kidney failure, received a kidney transplant
in 2002.
Billy was called the Fifth Beatle because he played keyboards on
Let it Be, The White Album and Abbey Road. He also played on the
Rolling Stones's hit song Miss You, and often played with Eric Clapton.
He also did the organ work on Sly & the Family Stone's greatest
hits and sessions with Bob Dylan. Preston's own hits included "Nothing
from Nothing," "Will it Go Round in Circles," and
"You Are So Beautiful," which Joe Cocker turned into an
international hit. Sporting a memorable Afro and gap-toothed grin
in the 1970s, Preston broke out as a solo artist, winning a best
instrumental Grammy in 1973 for "Outta Space," and scoring
other hits. In
1975, Preston sang on the debut of "Saturday Night Live."
Last year he appeared on "American Idol."
Fans and
freinds can make donations in Billy's Memory to The American Kidney
Foundation and Musicares
12-time Grammy
winner Arif Mardin is among the 20th century's most important
music producers. He died past Sunday June 25th at 74. He is survived
by his wife Latife, son, producer/engineer Joe, daughter Julie and
daughter Nazan Joffre.
From The Young
Rascals' #1 hit "Good Lovin'" to Bette Midler's "Wind
Beneath My Wings" to his most recent works with Jewel and Norah
Jones. Arif Mardin has transcended genres and contributed to many
of contemporary music's most brilliant works. Atlantic Records'
Co-Chairman/ Co- CEO Ahmet Ertegun declares: "In a business
often driven by trend and fashion, Arif has remained a true artist."
"When we
launched studioexpresso in 2000, one of the first calls I made was
to Mardin. The consummate gentleman, he promplty returned the call
and offered advice and support. He will be missed and remembered,"
says Claris Sayadian-Dodge.
Welcome Kai!
Congrats to Digidesign's
Chandra Lynn and her family on the arrival of baby boy Kai!
We understand she has fallen deeply in love with her new son and
decided to make some life changes including resigning from her full-time
post as Digidesign's press and artist relations manager and return
to marketing consulting business, Glow Marketing (www.glowmarketing.com).
"Fortunately Digidesign has retained my services to lead the
press efforts for the Pro Tools|HD, ICON, Pro Tools LE & DigiDelivery
product lines. In addition, the company has retained Sara Griggs
to manage the press efforts for VENUE, Digidesign's live sound segment.
Yvette Kay will act as press relations coordinator in Digidesign's
headquarters. Feel free to contact hiring manager Pablo La Rosa
at [email protected], with any questsion," says the glowing
mom!
Happy Independence
Day! Make Some Romance!
Moon River,
wider than a mile:
I'm crossin' you in style someday.
Oh dreammaker, you heartbreaker,
Wherever you're goin', I'm goin'your way.
Two drifters, off to see the world.
There's such a lot of world to see.
We're after the same rainbow's end,
Waitin' round the bend,
My huckleberry friend,
Moon River and me.
--From Moon River (Henry Mancini)
"I have
just seen our picture - BREAKFAST AT TIFFANY'S - this time with
your score. A movie without music is a little bit like an aeroplane
without fuel. However beautifully the job is done, we are still
on the ground and in a world of reality. Your music has lifted us
all up and sent us soaring. Everything we cannot say with words
or show with action you have expressed for us. You have done this
with so much imagination, fun and beauty. You are the hippest of
cats - and the most sensitive of composers! Thank you, dear Hank."
--Lots of love, Audrey
Source:
Clarke, Gerald. Capote: A Biography. New York: Simon and Schuster,
1988.
Mancini, Henry. Breakfast at Tiffany's. Linear notes, 1961.
Maychick, Diana. Audrey Hepburn: An Intimate Portrait. New York:
Carol Publishing Group, 1993.
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